{"id":3392,"date":"2026-07-13T18:29:03","date_gmt":"2026-07-13T18:29:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/?page_id=3392"},"modified":"2026-07-14T12:04:30","modified_gmt":"2026-07-14T12:04:30","slug":"remembering-1776","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/remembering-1776\/","title":{"rendered":"Remembering 1776"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>Statistical Gateway<\/strong><\/h2>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"https:\/\/news.gallup.com\/poll\/711842\/250-years-say-founders-disappointed.aspx\">During 250th anniversary, 3\/4 Americans Told Gallup that Founders Would Be Disappointed In How The Country Has Turned Out<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2><strong>Image Gateway:\u00a0 Boston Massacre (1770)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<blockquote>\n<div id=\"attachment_580\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-american\/image-reveres-boston-massacre-engraving\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-580 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-military\/files\/2021\/02\/Screen-Shot-2021-02-08-at-10.37.50-AM-918x1024.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 584px) 100vw, 584px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-military\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/723\/files\/2021\/02\/Screen-Shot-2021-02-08-at-10.37.50-AM-918x1024.png 918w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-military\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/723\/files\/2021\/02\/Screen-Shot-2021-02-08-at-10.37.50-AM-269x300.png 269w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-military\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/723\/files\/2021\/02\/Screen-Shot-2021-02-08-at-10.37.50-AM-768x857.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-military\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/723\/files\/2021\/02\/Screen-Shot-2021-02-08-at-10.37.50-AM.png 1090w\" alt=\"Boston Massacre\" width=\"584\" height=\"651\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-580\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-580\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Paul Revere\u2019s print depicting the Boston Massacre (1770)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2><strong>The Colonial Crisis:\u00a0 A Timeline of Documents<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>1763\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/indigenousfoundations.arts.ubc.ca\/royal_proclamation_1763\/\">Royal Proclamation<\/a><\/li>\n<li>1764\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/18th_century\/sugar_act_1764.asp\">Sugar Act<\/a>\u00a0\/\/\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/18th_century\/curency_act_1764.asp\">Currency Act<\/a><\/li>\n<li>1765\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gilderlehrman.org\/history-resources\/spotlight-primary-source\/stamp-act-1765\">Stamp Act<\/a>\u00a0\/\/\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.history.com\/news\/sons-of-liberty-members-causes\">Sons of Liberty<\/a><\/li>\n<li>1765\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.revolutionary-war-and-beyond.com\/the-regulations-lately-made-concerning-the-colonies-by-thomas-whately.html\">Thomas Whately\u2019s defense of Stamp Act<\/a>\u00a0\/\/\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.let.rug.nl\/usa\/documents\/1751-1775\/daniel-dulany-considerations-october-1765.php\">Daniel Dulany\u2019s response<\/a><\/li>\n<li>1766\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/founders.archives.gov\/documents\/Franklin\/01-13-02-0035\">Benjamin Franklin\u2019s testimony before the House of Commons<\/a><\/li>\n<li>1766\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/18th_century\/repeal_stamp_act_1766.asp\">Repeal of Stamp Act<\/a>\u00a0\/\/\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/18th_century\/declaratory_act_1766.asp\">Declaratory Act<\/a><\/li>\n<li>1767\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/18th_century\/townsend_act_1767.asp\">Townshend Duties<\/a>\u00a0\/\/\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/deila.dickinson.edu\/theirownwords\/context\/0004.htm\">John Dickinson\u2019s Letters<\/a><\/li>\n<li>1768\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/constitutioncenter.org\/the-constitution\/historic-document-library\/detail\/samuel-adams-and-james-otis-massachusetts-circular-letter-february-11-1768\">Mass Circular Letter<\/a>\u00a0\/\/\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.masshist.org\/publications\/adams-papers\/index.php\/view\/ADMS-01-03-02-0016-0021\">Seizure of Hancock\u2019s ship<\/a>\u00a0\/\/\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/texts\/john-dickinson-the-liberty-song-1768\/\">\u201cLiberty\u201d song<\/a><\/li>\n<li>1769\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/catalog.hathitrust.org\/Record\/100259052\">William Knox\u2019s defense of Parliamentary sovereignty<\/a><\/li>\n<li>1770\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/hist-american\/image-reveres-boston-massacre-engraving\/\">Boston Massacre<\/a>\u00a0\/\/\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.history.com\/this-day-in-history\/british-repeal-hated-townshend-act\">Repeal of Townshend Duties (except tea)<\/a><\/li>\n<li>1773\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Regulating-Act\">Relief for East India Company<\/a>\u00a0\/\/\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.masshist.org\/revolution\/teaparty.php\">Boston Tea Party<\/a><\/li>\n<li>1774\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.masshist.org\/revolution\/coercive.php\">Coercive or Intolerable Acts<\/a>\u00a0\/\/\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mountvernon.org\/library\/digitalhistory\/digital-encyclopedia\/article\/first-continental-congress\/\">First Continental Congress<\/a>\u00a0(<a href=\"https:\/\/founders.archives.gov\/documents\/Jefferson\/01-01-02-0094\">Association<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>1774\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/18th_century\/jeffsumm.asp\">Thomas Jefferson\u2019s \u201cSummary View\u201d pamphlet<\/a><\/li>\n<li>1775\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.battlefields.org\/learn\/revolutionary-war\/battles\/lexington-and-concord\">Lexington &amp; Concord<\/a>\u00a0\/\/\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.masshist.org\/revolution\/congress2.php\">Second Continental Congress<\/a><\/li>\n<li>1776\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/billofrightsinstitute.org\/primary-sources\/common-sense\">Thomas Paine\u2019s Common Sense \/<\/a>\/\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/avalon.law.yale.edu\/subject_menus\/constpap.asp\">State constitutions<\/a><\/li>\n<li>1776\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/texts\/abigail-and-john-adams-letters-1776\/\">Abigail Adams:\u00a0 Remember the Ladies<\/a><\/li>\n<li>1776\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/texts\/declaration-of-independence-1776\/\">Declaration of Independence<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Lincoln on the Declaration as &#8220;Standard Maxim,&#8221; &#8220;Electric Cord,&#8221; and &#8220;Stumbling Block&#8221;<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>&#8220;They meant to set up a standard maxim for free society, which should be familiar to all, and revered by all; constantly looked to, constantly labored for, and even though never perfectly attained, constantly approximated&#8221; <a href=\"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/lincoln-on-declaration\/\">(June 26, 1857)<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;That is the electric cord in that Declaration that links the hearts of patriotic and liberty-loving men together, that will link those patriotic hearts as long as the love of freedom exists in the minds of men throughout the world.&#8221;\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/lincoln-on-declaration\/\">(July 10, 1858)<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;All honor to Jefferson <span id=\"hl1\" class=\"inline-highlight\" data-seq=\"1\" data-first=\"1\" data-last=\"1\"><mark class=\"hilite1\">\u00a0<\/mark><\/span>\u2013to the man who, in the concrete pressure of a struggle for national independence by a single people, had the coolness, forecast, and capacity to introduce into a merely revolutionary document, an abstract truth, applicable to all men and all times, and so to embalm it there, that to-day, and in all coming days, it shall be a rebuke and a stumbling-block to the very harbingers of re-appearing tyranny and oppression.&#8221;\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/lincoln-on-declaration\/\">(April 6, 1859)<\/a><\/p>\n<h2><strong>1826 (50th anniversary):\u00a0 Adams &#8211;&#8220;Jefferson Still Survives&#8221;<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/files\/2026\/07\/Screenshot-2026-07-13-at-9.30.22-PM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3396 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/files\/2026\/07\/Screenshot-2026-07-13-at-9.30.22-PM-1024x506.png\" alt=\"Adams and TJ\" width=\"525\" height=\"259\" srcset=\"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/files\/2026\/07\/Screenshot-2026-07-13-at-9.30.22-PM-1024x506.png 1024w, https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/files\/2026\/07\/Screenshot-2026-07-13-at-9.30.22-PM-300x148.png 300w, https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/files\/2026\/07\/Screenshot-2026-07-13-at-9.30.22-PM-768x380.png 768w, https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/files\/2026\/07\/Screenshot-2026-07-13-at-9.30.22-PM-1536x759.png 1536w, https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/files\/2026\/07\/Screenshot-2026-07-13-at-9.30.22-PM-2048x1012.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 525px) 100vw, 525px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>&#8220;How long ago is it &#8212; eighty odd years &#8212; since on the Fourth of July for the first time in the history of the world a nation by its representatives, assembled and declared as a self-evident truth that &#8216;all men are created equal.&#8217; That was the birthday of the United States of America. Since then the Fourth of July has had several peculiar recognitions. The two most distinguished men in the framing and support of the Declaration were Thomas Jefferson and John Adams &#8212; the one having penned it and the other sustained it the most forcibly in debate &#8212; the only two of the fifty-five who sustained it being elected President of the United States. Precisely fifty years after they put their hands to the paper it pleased Almighty God to take both from the stage of action. This was indeed an extraordinary and remarkable event in our history.&#8221;\u00a0 &#8211;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/lincoln-on-declaration\/\">-Abraham Lincoln, July 7, 1863<\/a><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2><strong>1876 (Centennial):\u00a0 World&#8217;s Fair \/ <a href=\"https:\/\/artsandculture.google.com\/story\/the-prince-of-emancipation-house-divided-project-at-dickinson-college\/uAVxfs_zVjtpJg?hl=en\">Hamburg Massacre (Prince Rivers)<\/a><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/files\/2026\/07\/Screenshot-2026-07-13-at-9.36.56-PM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3398 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/files\/2026\/07\/Screenshot-2026-07-13-at-9.36.56-PM.png\" alt=\"Hamburg\" width=\"562\" height=\"826\" srcset=\"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/files\/2026\/07\/Screenshot-2026-07-13-at-9.36.56-PM.png 562w, https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/files\/2026\/07\/Screenshot-2026-07-13-at-9.36.56-PM-204x300.png 204w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 562px) 100vw, 562px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><strong>1976 (Bicentennial):\u00a0 Tall Ships \/\/ Soiling Old Glory<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h2><a href=\"http:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/files\/2026\/07\/Screenshot-2026-07-13-at-9.48.31-PM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3402 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/files\/2026\/07\/Screenshot-2026-07-13-at-9.48.31-PM.png\" alt=\"Old Glory\" width=\"1524\" height=\"1002\" srcset=\"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/files\/2026\/07\/Screenshot-2026-07-13-at-9.48.31-PM.png 1524w, https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/files\/2026\/07\/Screenshot-2026-07-13-at-9.48.31-PM-300x197.png 300w, https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/files\/2026\/07\/Screenshot-2026-07-13-at-9.48.31-PM-1024x673.png 1024w, https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/files\/2026\/07\/Screenshot-2026-07-13-at-9.48.31-PM-768x505.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><\/a><\/h2>\n<h2><strong>2026 (250th anniversary):\u00a0 Celebrations \/ Confrontations<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.dickinson.edu\/fys-pinsker\/texts\/tracy-k-smith-declaration-2018\/\"><strong>&#8220;Declaration&#8221; a poem by Tracy K. Smith (2018)<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"long-line\"><em>He has\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"long-line\"><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 sent hither swarms of Officers to harass our people<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"long-line\"><em>He has plundered our<\/em>\u2014<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"long-line\"><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0ravaged our<\/em>\u2014<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"long-line\"><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0destroyed the lives of our<\/em>\u2014<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"long-line\"><em>taking away our\u00ad<\/em>\u2014<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"long-line\"><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0abolishing our most valuable<\/em>\u2014<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"long-line\"><em>and altering fundamentally the Forms of our<\/em>\u2014<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"long-line\"><em>In every stage of these Oppressions We have Petitioned for<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"long-line\"><em>Redress in the most humble terms:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"long-line\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<em>Our repeated\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"long-line\"><em>Petitions have been answered only by repeated injury.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"long-line\"><em>We have reminded them of the circumstances of our emigration<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"long-line\"><em>and settlement here.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"long-line\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u2014<em>taken Captive<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"long-line\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<em>on the high Seas<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"long-line\"><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0to bear\u2014<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Essential Question: Our We Revolutionaries or Reformers?<\/strong><\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Statistical Gateway During 250th anniversary, 3\/4 Americans Told Gallup that Founders Would Be Disappointed In How The Country Has Turned Out Image Gateway:\u00a0 Boston Massacre (1770) Paul Revere\u2019s print depicting the Boston Massacre (1770) The Colonial Crisis:\u00a0 A Timeline of Documents 1763\u00a0\u00a0Royal Proclamation 1764\u00a0\u00a0Sugar Act\u00a0\/\/\u00a0Currency Act 1765\u00a0\u00a0Stamp Act\u00a0\/\/\u00a0Sons of Liberty 1765\u00a0\u00a0Thomas Whately\u2019s defense of Stamp &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/remembering-1776\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Remembering 1776&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3392","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3392","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3392"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3392\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3410,"href":"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3392\/revisions\/3410"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/housedivided.dickinson.edu\/sites\/teagle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3392"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}